Exposing the risks associated with the administration of oral electrolyte solutions simultaneously in milk replacers and water in absence of access to drinking water.

Oral rehydration solutions (ORS) mitigates the severity of dehydration and metabolic acidosis in diarrheic calves, and this study determines the effects of ORS tonicity on water, mineral and acid–base balance.

Comparison of the abomasal emptying rate by an acetaminophen absorption test in healthy and diarrhoeic calves fed with and without ORS.

Study of the effects of water source on cattle production and behaviour, determineing the impact of selected constituents, and fecal contamination on water consumption.